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Item Understanding the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the physical properties of brain lipid membranesAutores: Longarzo, María L.; Vázquez, Romina F.; Bellini, María J.; Zamora, Ricardo A.; Redondo Morata, Lorena; Giannotti, Marina I.; Oliveira Jr., Osvaldo N.; Fanani, María L.; Mate, Sabina M.A deficiency in omega-3 fatty acids ( to 3 FAs) in the brain has been correlated with cognitive impairment, learning deficiencies, and behavioral changes. In this study, we provided to 3 FAs as a supplement to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR+ to 3). Our focus was on examining the impact of dietary supplementation on the physicochemical properties of the brain-cell membranes. Significant increases in to 3 levels in the cerebral cortex of SHR+ to 3 were observed, leading to alterations in brain lipid membranes molecular packing, elasticity, and lipid miscibility, resulting in an augmented phase disparity. Results from synthetic lipid mixtures confirmed the disordering effect introduced by to 3 lipids, showing its consequences on the hydration levels of the monolayers and the organization of the membrane domains. These findings suggest that dietary to 3 FAs influence the organization of brain membranes, providing insight into a potential mechanism for the broad effects of dietary fat on brain health and disease.Item Sublethal Effects of Insecticides on the Parasitism of Acerophagus flavidulus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) Parasitoid of the Obscure Mealybug, Pseudococcus viburni (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)Autores: Radrigán Navarro, Catalina; Fuentes Contreras, José EduardoInsecticides used to control agricultural pests can interfere with beneficial arthropods. This study determined the sublethal effects of two insect growth regulators-buprofezin and pyriproxyfen-and the neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid on adults of Acerophagus flavidulus (Brethes), a parasitoid of the obscure mealybug, Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret). A. flavidulus was exposed to insecticide residues at the minimum recommended rate of buprofezin and pyriproxyfen (1x) and 0.005x of acetamiprid on apple leaves under laboratory conditions. Each female parasitoid was in contact with the insecticide residues for 24 h and then allowed to parasitize three mealybug densities (two, four, and six nymphs) per parasitoid for 24 h. Parasitism, emergence rate, clutch size, development time, longevity, and secondary sex ratio were evaluated under each insecticide treatment and mealybug density. Application of the growth regulators buprofezin and pyriproxyfen at the labeled rate (1x) induced less sublethal effects than acetamiprid applied at a low rate (0.005x) on A. flavidulus. Pyriproxyfen and acetamiprid reduced parasitism, but they did not affect other aspects of development such as emergence rate, clutch size, development time, longevity, and secondary sex ratio. Our data suggest that buprofezin and pyriproxyfen are more compatible with A. flavidulus than acetamiprid, which could be integrated with parasitoid activity only when low residue levels in the field are attained.
